The Relative Effectiveness of Different Types and Modes of Delivery of Therapeutic Exercise on pain and physical function for People with Knee and/or Hip Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review Update and Individual Participant Data Network Meta-analysis.

Chief Investigators: Dr Philippa Nicolson (University of Oxford) and Prof Melanie Holden (Keele University)

Background

In collaboration with the OA Trial Bank, we recently undertook Individual Participant Data (IPD) meta-analyses using data from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing therapeutic exercise to non-exercise controls among people with knee and/or hip OA (the STEER OA study (Holden et al 2023). Our findings suggest that targeting exercise to those with higher OA-related pain and disability might be of merit. However, the heterogeneity of exercise interventions included in our analyses means there is considerable uncertainty about the relative effectiveness of different characteristics of exercise interventions. The optimal type and mode of delivery was not explored in the STEER OA study. This makes it difficult to know how to optimise the provision of therapeutic exercise for people with knee and/or hip OA.

Aim

This study aims to summarise, compare and rank the effectiveness of different types and modes of delivery of therapeutic exercise on pain and physical function at 3, 6 and 12 months for people with knee and/or hip OA in an IPD network meta-analysis (NMA), in terms of: (a) the overall effect (across all individuals); and b) the effect in specific subgroups that cause heterogeneity in effects (effect moderators) if inconsistency of evidence is identified in analysis.

Methods

Systematic review update and IPD meta-analyses. Our previous systematic review (Holden et al 2023) will be updated to identify RCTs that compare the effects of therapeutic exercise for people with knee and hip OA on pain and physical function, to other forms of exercise or non-exercise controls. Lead authors of eligible trials will be invited to share IPD. Trial- and participant-level characteristics (for baseline variables and outcomes) of included studies will be summarised. Meta-analyses will use a two-stage approach: in the first stage, each RCT will be analysed separately to produce RCT-specific estimates. In the second stage, a multivariate NMA model will be fitted for each outcome separately, allowing for exercise type and mode of delivery for each time-point, whilst accounting for the correlation across time-points in a multivariate model. The models will include random-effects to allow for unexplained between-trial heterogeneity. All analyses will be on an intention-to-treat principle and all summary meta-analysis estimates will be reported as standardised mean differences with 95% confidence intervals.

Status

Ongoing.

Protocol and publications

Members

Philippa Nicolson 1
Ram Bajpai 2
Miriam Hattle 3
Danielle Van Der Windt 2
Richard Riley 3
Marienke van Middelkoop 4
Emma Marshall 5
Nadia Corp 2
Sarah Harrison 5
Joanna Simkins 5
Michelle Hall 6
Emma Healey 2
Weiya Zhang 6
Christian Mallen 2
Kim Bennell 7
Nadine Foster 8
Jonathan Quicke 8
Jos Runhaar 4
Sita Bierma-Zeinstra 4
Melanie Holden 2
in collaboration with the OA trial bank exercise collaborative (trial leads that share IPD included in the network meta-analyses)

1. Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences (NDORMS), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
2. School of Medicine, Primary Care Centre Versus Arthritis, Keele University, Keele, United Kingdom
3. Department of Applied Health Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
4. Erasmus MC University, Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
5. Keele Clinical Trials Unit, Keele University, Keele, United Kingdon
6. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
7. Centre for Health, Exercise & Sports Medicine, Department of Physiotherapy, University of Melbourne, Australia
8. STARS Education and Research Alliance, Surgical Treatment and Rehabilitation Service (STARS), The University of Queensland and Metro North Health, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia

Holden MA, Hattle M, Runhaar J, Riley RD, Healey EL, Quicke J, van Der Windt DA, Dziedzic K, van Middelkoop M, Burke D, Legha A, Bierma-Zeinstra S, Foster NE; the STEER OA Patient Advisory Group; the OA Trial Bank Exercise Collaborative. Moderators of the effect of therapeutic exercise for knee and/or hip osteoarthritis: a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis with the oa trial bank. Lancet Rheumatology 2023;5:e386-e400.